Fashion is a cultural phenomenon, a trend in the style and design of clothing and adornments. It is influenced by a combination of socioeconomic and cultural factors, and the ever-changing needs of society. The fashion industry is considered to be one of the world’s most influential and lucrative industries, with a global economic value of over $1.1 trillion. It is also a major source of employment, especially in developing countries.
Clothing is a form of self-expression and a way to communicate social status, wealth, group identity, and individuality. The wearing of certain garments may denote modesty or indicate a religious affiliation. In many parts of the world, wearing garments which cover the genital area is the norm.
In the past, special garments were worn to show one’s social rank. For example, Roman senators wore garments dyed with Tyrian purple, and Hawaiian chiefs wore feather cloaks adorned with carved whale teeth. In modern times, the most notable change in clothing has been the introduction of low-cost fast fashion retailers, such as H&M and Zara, which have enabled people to follow trends at a fraction of the cost of traditional designer clothes.
It has been suggested that the rapid shifts in fashion trends can force consumers to continuously spend money on new clothing, and promote materialistic consumerism. This can lead to environmental, ethical and psychological problems. However, it has also been pointed out that fashion is a form of art, which allows designers and consumers to express creativity and individuality.